Mechanical Structures at Quantum Limits: State of Play and Future Prospects

Keith Schwab, Professor of Applied Physics, Caltech

Over 25 years ago, researchers in the gravitational wave community realized that quantum mechanics should place fundamental limits on the sensitivity of mechanical measurements of displacements and forces, and that these limits are not absurdly far from reach of practical measurement.  Combined with tools and advances in technology from areas as diverse as nanoscience, quantum computing and information, and quantum optics and atomic physics, a community of scientists are now at this limit.  I will discuss the current state of the art and what we expect will be achieved in the near future, which includes: observation of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, producing the ground state of motion, and the generation of squeezed states, superposition states and various types entangled states.  The prospect that macroscopic and ordinary bits of matter can be placed into such bizzare quantum states I find very exciting and extremely challenging to my understanding of physical reality.